One time I was watching this TV show, and they were showing how microchips were made in the computer industry.  And I thought to myself, in an instant, “Boy, this would be a very neat way to do drug delivery implants.”  That you could actually have little chips with drugs in them, and maybe multiple drugs, so you could literally have a pharmacy in a chip. And you could do remote control drug delivery, maybe even some day have sensors on the chip.  So I had this idea.  It was sort of a broad idea.  Of course then there are many, many stages to go, and get it to work, that take many, many years.  So even though I had that idea, it probably took another four years of work from one of my students and colleagues to really prove that we could actually do it.  Then maybe another ten years before we actually introduced it into patients.  We just did the first clinical trial over the past year, and it’s amazing.  You can actually have a cell phone that can program, tell the chip how much to deliver, and I expect in another ten years, we’ll see these kinds of ideas more widely used.  Maybe in another 20 years you’ll have sensors on the chips that will actually self-tell the chips what to do in different situations.  That’s just one of many examples, but I think in science there are places where you sort of get this idea, but then you have to go do it. I could give other examples like that too, but that’s how it works for me.